Qore::Socket Class Reference

The Socket class allows Qore programs safe access to network sockets. More...

Inheritance diagram for Qore::Socket:

Public Member Methods
Socket	accept ()
	Accepts connections on a listening socket. More...
*Socket	accept (timeout timeout_ms)
	Accepts connections on a listening socket (see Socket::listen()) accepting a timeout value with a millisecond resolution. More...
	acceptAllCertificates (bool accept_all=True)
	with peer verification enabled, all certificates are accepted regardless of the validity of the Certificate Authority More...
Socket	acceptSSL ()
	Accepts connections on a listening socket and attempts to negotiate a TLS/SSL connection. More...
*Socket	acceptSSL (timeout timeout_ms)
	Accepts connections on a listening socket and attempts to negotiate a TLS/SSL connection accepting a timeout value with a millisecond resolution. More...
int	bind (string str, softbool reuseaddr=False)
	Opens and binds the socket to a port, interface and port (if the bind_to string has a format "host:port"), or UNIX domain socket file. More...
int	bind (int port, softbool reuseaddr=False)
	Opens and binds the socket to an INET port on all interfaces. More...
nothing	bindINET (*string iface, *softstring service, softbool reuseaddr=False, softint family=AF_UNSPEC, softint socktype=SOCK_STREAM, softint protocol=0)
	Opens and binds the socket to the given IPv4 or IPv6 interface (or if no interface is given, then to all interfaces on the local system) and port (the port number will be derived from the service name if a numeric port number is not given) More...
nothing	bindUNIX (string path, softint socktype=SOCK_STREAM, softint protocol=0)
	Opens and binds the socket to the given UNIX domain socket file as given by the filename argument. If any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
bool	captureRemoteCertificates (bool set=True)
	Sets the flag for capturing remote X.509 certificates; by default no capture of remote certificates is performed. More...
	clearStats ()
	Clears performance statistics. More...
nothing	clearWarningQueue ()
	Removes any warning Queue object from the Socket. More...
int	close ()
	Closes an open socket. More...
nothing	connect (string target, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Connects to a remote port (if the string has a format "host:port") or UNIX domain socket file with an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution. More...
nothing	connectINET (string host, softstring service, timeout timeout_ms=-1, softint family=AF_UNSPEC, softint socktype=SOCK_STREAM, softint protocol=0)
	Connects to the given host and port with an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution. More...
nothing	connectINETSSL (string host, softstring service, timeout timeout_ms=-1, softint family=AF_UNSPEC, softint socktype=SOCK_STREAM, softint protocol=0)
	Connects to the given host and port and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection; accepts an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution. More...
nothing	connectSSL (string target, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Connects to a remote socket and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection; accepts an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution. More...
nothing	connectUNIX (string path, softint socktype=SOCK_STREAM, softint protocol=0)
	Connects to a UNIX domain socket file. More...
nothing	connectUNIXSSL (string path, softint socktype=SOCK_STREAM, softint protocol=0)
	Connects to the given UNIX domain socket file and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection. More...
	constructor ()
	Creates the socket object. More...
	copy ()
	Creates a new Socket object, not based on the source being copied. More...
bool	getAcceptAllCertificates ()
	returns the current value of the "accept all certificates" flag More...
string	getCharset ()
	Returns the character encoding for the socket. More...
int	getConnectionId ()
	Returns an integer connection ID that is incremented every time the socket is disconnected. More...
string	getEncoding ()
	Returns the character encoding for the socket. More...
bool	getNoDelay ()
	Returns the TCP_NODELAY setting for the socket. More...
hash< auto >	getPeerInfo (bool host_lookup=True)
	Returns a hash of information about the remote end for connected sockets. More...
int	getPort ()
	Returns the port number of the socket for INET sockets. More...
int	getRecvTimeout ()
	Returns the receive timeout socket option value as an integer in milliseconds. More...
*SSLCertificate	getRemoteCertificate ()
	Returns any remote certificate captured or NOTHING if there is none. More...
*string	getSSLCipherName ()
	Returns the name of the cipher for an encrypted connection or NOTHING if a secure connection has not been established. More...
*string	getSSLCipherVersion ()
	Returns the version string of the cipher for an encrypted connection or NOTHING if a secure connection has not been established. More...
int	getSendTimeout ()
	Returns the send timeout socket option value as an integer in milliseconds. More...
int	getSocket ()
	Returns the socket file descriptor number. More...
hash< auto >	getSocketInfo (bool host_lookup=True)
	Returns information about the local socket as a hash. More...
int	getSslVerifyMode ()
	returns the current SSL verification mode More...
hash< auto >	getUsageInfo ()
	Returns performance statistics for the socket. More...
bool	isDataAvailable (timeout timeout_ms=0)
	Returns True or False depending on whether there is data to be read on the socket. More...
bool	isOpen ()
	Returns True if the socket is open. More...
bool	isSecure ()
	Returns True if the connection is a secure TLS/SSL connection. More...
bool	isWriteFinished (timeout timeout_ms=0)
	Returns True or False depending on whether all the data has been written to the socket. More...
int	listen (int backlog=20)
	Listens for connections on a bound socket; sets the socket in a listening state. More...
bool	pendingHttpChunkedBody ()
	returns True if the socket is still connected, and a HTTP header was read indicating chunked transfer encoding, but no chunked body has been read yet More...
hash< auto >	readHTTPChunkedBody (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a string in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received) More...
hash< auto >	readHTTPChunkedBodyBinary (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a binary object in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received) More...
	readHTTPChunkedBodyBinaryWithCallback (code rcb, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a string in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received) More...
hash< auto >	readHTTPChunkedBodyToOutputStream (Qore::OutputStream os, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding, writes it in an OutputStream and returns any footers received. More...
	readHTTPChunkedBodyWithCallback (code rcb, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a string in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received) More...
hash< auto >	readHTTPHeader (timeout timeout_ms=-1, *reference< hash< auto >> info)
	Retuns a hash representing the data in the HTTP header read, or, if the data cannot be parsed as an HTTP header, then an exception is thrown, and the data read is returned as a string in the arg key of the exception hash. More...
string	readHTTPHeaderString (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Retuns a string representing the data in the HTTP header read (reads until "\r\n\r\n") More...
string	recv (softint size=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives data from the socket and returns a string tagged with the Socket's character encoding. More...
binary	recvBinary (softint size=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives data from the socket and returns a binary object. More...
nothing	recvToOutputStream (Qore::OutputStream os, softint size=-1, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives data from the socket and writes the bytes to an OutputStream. More...
int	recvi1 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 1-byte signed integer from the socket. More...
int	recvi2 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket. More...
int	recvi2LSB (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) signed integer in little-endian format from the socket. More...
int	recvi4 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket. More...
int	recvi4LSB (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) signed integer in little-endian format from the socket. More...
int	recvi8 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives an 8-byte (64-bit) signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket. More...
int	recvi8LSB (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives an 8-byte (64-bit) signed integer in little-endian format from the socket. More...
int	recvu1 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 1-byte unsigned integer from the socket. More...
int	recvu2 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) unsigned integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket. More...
int	recvu2LSB (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) unsigned integer in little-endian format from the socket. More...
int	recvu4 (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) unsigned integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket. More...
int	recvu4LSB (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) unsigned integer in little-endian format from the socket. More...
int	send (binary bin, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
int	send (string str, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends string data over the socket; string data is converted to the socket's encoding if necessary; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
nothing	send2 (binary bin, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
nothing	send2 (string str, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends string data over the socket; string data is converted to the socket's encoding if necessary; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
int	sendBinary (string str, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends string data over the socket without converting the string to the socket's encoding, but instead is sent exactly as-is; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
int	sendBinary (binary bin, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
nothing	sendBinary2 (string str, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends string data over the socket without converting the string to the socket's encoding, but instead is sent exactly as-is; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
nothing	sendBinary2 (binary bin, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown. More...
nothing	sendFromInputStream (Qore::InputStream input_stream, softint size=-1, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Reads data from an InputStream and sends the bytes over the socket. More...
nothing	sendHTTPChunkedBodyFromInputStream (Qore::InputStream input_stream, int max_chunk_size=4096, timeout timeout_ms=-1, *code tcb)
	Sends an HTTP message body in chunked transfer encoding. More...
nothing	sendHTTPChunkedBodyTrailer (*hash< auto > trailer, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends the trialer of an HTTP message body in chunked transfer encoding. More...
nothing	sendHTTPMessage (string method, string path, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, string body, *reference< hash > info, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP message with a method and user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body. More...
nothing	sendHTTPMessage (string method, string path, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, *binary body, *reference< hash< auto >> info, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP message with a method and user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body. More...
nothing	sendHTTPMessageWithCallback (code scb, string method, string path, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, *reference< hash< auto >> info, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP message with a method and user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponse (softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, string body, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponse (softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, string body, *reference< hash< auto >> info, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponse (softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, *binary body, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body as literal binary data. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponse (softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, *binary body, *reference< hash< auto >> info, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body as literal binary data. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponse (softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, Qore::InputStream input_stream, int max_chunk_size=4096, *reference< hash< auto >> info, timeout timeout_ms=-1, *code tcb)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers and a message body from an input stream in chunked transfer encoding. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponseWithCallback (code scb, softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body to send with chunked transfer encoding provided by a callback. More...
nothing	sendHTTPResponseWithCallback (code scb, softint status_code, string status_desc, string http_version, hash< auto > headers, *reference< hash< auto >> info, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body to send with chunked transfer encoding provided by a callback. More...
int	sendi1 (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends a 1-byte integer over the socket. More...
int	sendi2 (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends a 2-byte (16-bit) integer in big-endian format (network byte order) over the socket. More...
int	sendi2LSB (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends a 2-byte (16-bit) integer in little-endian format over the socket. More...
int	sendi4 (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends a 4-byte (32-bit) integer in big-endian format (network byte order) over the socket. More...
int	sendi4LSB (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends a 4-byte (32-bit) integer in little-endian format over the socket. More...
int	sendi8 (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an 8-byte (64-bit) integer in big-endian format (network byte order) over the socket. More...
int	sendi8LSB (softint i=0, timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Sends an 8-byte (64-bit) integer in little-endian format over the socket. More...
nothing	setCertificate (SSLCertificate cert)
	Sets the X.509 certificate to use for negotiating encrypted connections. More...
nothing	setCertificate (string cert_pem)
	Sets the X.509 certificate to use for negotiating encrypted connections from the PEM-encoded string representing the X.509 certificate. More...
nothing	setCertificate (binary cert_der)
	Sets the X.509 certificate to use for negotiating encrypted connections from the DER-encoded binary object representing the X.509 certificate. More...
nothing	setCharset (string encoding)
	Sets the character encoding for the socket. More...
nothing	setEncoding (string encoding)
	Sets the character encoding for the socket. More...
nothing	setEventQueue ()
	Removes any Queue object from the Socket object so that socket events are no longer added to the Queue. More...
nothing	setEventQueue (Qore::Thread::Queue queue, auto arg, *bool with_data)
	Sets a Queue object to receive socket events. More...
int	setNoDelay (bool nd=True)
	Sets the boolean TCP_NODELAY setting for the socket. More...
nothing	setPrivateKey (SSLPrivateKey key)
	Sets the private key to use for negotiating encrypted connections along with the X.509 certificate. More...
nothing	setPrivateKey (string key_pem, *string pass)
	Sets the private key to use for negotiating encrypted connections along with the X.509 certificate from a PEM-encoded string representing the private key and an optional password. More...
nothing	setPrivateKey (binary key_der)
	Sets the private key to use for negotiating encrypted connections along with the X.509 certificate from a DER-encoded binary object representing the private key. More...
int	setRecvTimeout (timeout timeout_ms)
	sets the receive timeout as a socket option More...
int	setSendTimeout (timeout timeout_ms)
	sets the send timeout as a socket option More...
	setSslVerifyMode (int mode)
	sets the SSL verification mode More...
nothing	setWarningQueue (int warning_ms, int warning_bs, Queue queue, auto arg, timeout min_ms=1s)
	Sets a Queue object to receive socket warnings. More...
int	shutdown ()
	Ensures that a socket will be closed even if the file descriptor is shared with other processes (for example, after a call to fork()) More...
nothing	shutdownSSL ()
	Shuts down the SSL connection on a secure connection. More...
nothing	upgradeClientToSSL (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Upgrades a client socket connection to a TLS/SSL connection. More...
nothing	upgradeServerToSSL (timeout timeout_ms=-1)
	Upgrades a server socket connection to a TLS/SSL connection. More...
*string	verifyPeerCertificate ()
	Returns a string code giving the result of verifying the remote certificate or NOTHING if an encrypted connection is not currently established. More...

Static Public Member Methods
static list< hash< SocketPollInfo > >	poll (list< hash< SocketPollInfo >> items, timeout timeout_ms)
	polls multiple sockets and returns all sockets with events More...

Detailed Description

The Socket class allows Qore programs safe access to network sockets.

Restrictions:

Qore::PO_NO_NETWORK

Note

This class is not available with the PO_NO_NETWORK parse option.

Non-blocking socket I/O can be performed by appending a timeout value in milliseconds all Socket methods performing I/O operations, or by using the Socket::isDataAvailable() method with a timeout value in milliseconds (1000 ms = 1 second). Note that as with all Qore functions and methods accepting a timeout value, relative date/time values can be given instead of integers to make the source more readable, for example:

bool rc = socket.isDataAvailable(1250ms); # times out in 1.25 seconds

Socket objects can automatically convert character encodings if desired when sending string data with Socket::send(). Use the Socket::setEncoding() method to set the character encoding for the socket. If a character encoding is set, and string data is read with the Socket::recv() method, then it will be tagged with the encoding of the socket as well.

Client applications should call Socket::connect() to connect to a remote port or a UNIX domain socket (socket file on the local server). However, if the remote end is expecting a TLS/SSL connection, use Socket::connectSSL() instead.

Server applications should call Socket::bind(), Socket::listen(), and Socket::accept() in this order to accept incoming connections. Normally a new thread should be started after the Socket::accept() call to handle the new connection in a separate thread (Socket::accept() returns a new Socket object for the accepted connection).

To support TLS/SSL server connections, first set the certificate and private key with the Socket::setCertificate() and Socket::setPrivateKey() methods (see the SSLCertificate Class and the SSLPrivateKey Class for more information on the parameters required for these methods). Then Socket::acceptSSL() should be called after the socket is in a listening state to accept client connections and negotiate a TLS/SSL connection.

This class supports posting events to a Queue. See I/O Event Handling for more information.

The events raised by this object are listed in the following table:

Socket Events

Name	Description
EVENT_PACKET_READ	Raised when a network packet is received.
EVENT_PACKET_SENT	Raised when a network packet is sent.
EVENT_CHANNEL_CLOSED	Raised when a socket is closed.
EVENT_DELETED	Raised when the object being monitored is deleted.
EVENT_HOSTNAME_LOOKUP	Raised when a hostname lookup is attempted.
EVENT_HOSTNAME_RESOLVED	Raised when a hostname lookup is resolved.
EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE	Raised when an HTTP message is sent.
EVENT_HTTP_MESSAGE_RECEIVED	Raised when an HTTP message is received.
EVENT_CONNECTING	Raised right before a socket connection attempt is made.
EVENT_CONNECTED	Raised when the socket connection has been established.
EVENT_START_SSL	Raised when socket SSL negotiation starts.
EVENT_SSL_ESTABLISHED	Raised when SSL communication has been negotiated and established.

Socket Information Hash

Key	Description
hostname	The interface name if available (ex: "localhost"; note that this key is not present when retrieving information about UNIX sockets)
hostname_desc	A descriptive string giving the hostname and the address family if the hostname is available (ex: "ipv6[localhost]"; note that this key is not present when retrieving information about UNIX sockets)
address	A string giving the address (ex: "::ffff:0.0.0.0")
address_desc	A descriptive string giving the address and the address family (ex: "ipv6[::ffff:0.0.0.0]")
port	An integer port number if available (note that this key is not present when retrieving information about UNIX sockets)
family	The network address family (see Network Address Family Constants)
familystr	A string describing the network address family (ex: "ipv4")

Member Function Documentation

accept() [1/2]

Socket Qore::Socket::accept

(

)

Accepts connections on a listening socket.

Accepts connections on a listening socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

The new Socket object returned will have the same character encoding as the current object. Once a new connection has been accepted, call Socket::getPeerInfo() to get information about the remote socket.

Example:

Socket new_socket = sock.accept(); 

Returns

a new Socket object is returned for the new connection

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not bound
SOCKET-ACCEPT-ERROR	Error in accepting connection

See also

Socket::acceptSSL(), Socket::listen(), Socket::getPeerInfo()

accept() [2/2]

*Socket Qore::Socket::accept

(

timeout

timeout_ms

)

Accepts connections on a listening socket (see Socket::listen()) accepting a timeout value with a millisecond resolution.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

The new Socket object returned will have the same character encoding as the current object. Once a new connection has been accepted, call Socket::getPeerInfo() to get information about the remote socket.

Example:

*Socket new_socket = sock.accept(30s); 

Parameters

timeout_ms

If a timeout value is passed and the connection takes longer to establish than the timeout, then NOTHING is returned.Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

If no connection is accepted within the timeout period, then NOTHING is returned, otherwise a Socket object for the new connection is returned.

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not bound
SOCKET-ACCEPT-ERROR	Error in accepting connection

See also

Socket::acceptSSL(), Socket::listen(), Socket::getPeerInfo()

acceptAllCertificates()

Qore::Socket::acceptAllCertificates

(

bool

accept_all = True

)

with peer verification enabled, all certificates are accepted regardless of the validity of the Certificate Authority

Example:

# require a certificate from the peer, but accept all certificates, even self-signed ones
sock.setSslVerifyMode(SSL_VERIFY_PEER|SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT);
sock.acceptAllCertificates();

Parameters

accept_all

if True, then self-signed certificates are accepted, if False, then they are not

See also

• Socket::getAcceptAllCertificates()
• Socket::setSslVerifyMode()
• Socket::getSslVerifyMode()

Since

Qore 0.8.13

acceptSSL() [1/2]

Socket Qore::Socket::acceptSSL

(

)

Accepts connections on a listening socket and attempts to negotiate a TLS/SSL connection.

Accepts connections on a listening socket and attempts to negotiate a TLS/SSL connection; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

The new Socket object returned will have the same character encoding as the current object. Once a new connection has been accepted, call Socket::getPeerInfo() to get information about the remote socket.

Example:

Socket new_socket = sock.acceptSSL(); 

Returns

When a new connection is accepted and a TLS/SSL session has been successfully negotiated, a new Socket object is returned for the new connectio

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not bound
SOCKET-ACCEPT-ERROR	Error in accepting connection

See also

Socket::accept(), Socket::listen(), Socket::getPeerInfo()

acceptSSL() [2/2]

*Socket Qore::Socket::acceptSSL

(

timeout

timeout_ms

)

Accepts connections on a listening socket and attempts to negotiate a TLS/SSL connection accepting a timeout value with a millisecond resolution.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

The new Socket object returned will have the same character encoding as the current object. Once a new connection has been accepted, call Socket::getPeerInfo() to get information about the remote socket.

Example:

*Socket new_socket = sock.acceptSSL(30s); 

Parameters

timeout_ms

If a timeout value is passed and the connection takes longer to establish than the timeout, then NOTHING is returned. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

If no connection is accepted within the timeout period, then NOTHING is returned, otherwise a Socket object for the new connection is returned.

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not bound
SOCKET-ACCEPT-ERROR	Error in accepting connection

See also

Socket::acceptSSL(), Socket::listen(), Socket::getPeerInfo()

bind() [1/2]

int Qore::Socket::bind	(	string	str,
		softbool	reuseaddr = False
	)

Opens and binds the socket to a port, interface and port (if the bind_to string has a format "host:port"), or UNIX domain socket file.

If the second parameter is True, then the socket will set the SO_REUSEADDR option, which will allow the socket to be bound to a port that is not yet closed (for example, in a TIME_WAIT state).

If any errors occur a non-zero error code is returned.

This method tries to automatically pick the appropriate address family from the arguments; note that a hostname or address in square brackets (ex: "[localhost]") will be looked up and bound as an IPv6 address; additionally, the method recognizes ipv6 addresses by embedded colons (:) in the address string and binds them as such.

Internally, the getaddrinfo() function is used to look up bind addresses; internal bind() operations are tried in sequence for each address returned; as soon as a bind operation is successful, the method returns. If none of the addresses can be bound, then an error code is returned.

Example:

 # bind to a UNIX socket on the local system and reuse the address, check return code
if (sock.bind("/tmp/my-socket", True))
    throw "BIND-ERROR", strerror(); 

Parameters

str

If a colon appears in the string, the string will be assumed to be a "bind_address:port" specification, and the port on the named IP address will be bound, otherwise, if the string contains no colon, the socket will be bound to a UNIX domain socket file on the local filesystem with the given name. Note that a hostname or address in square brackets (ex: "[localhost]") will be looked up and bound as an IPv6 address; additionally, the method recognizes ipv6 addresses by embedded colons (:) in the address string (if surrounded by square brackets) and binds them as such.

reuseaddr

If this optional argument evaluates to True, the SO_REUSEADDR option will be set on the socket, which will allow the socket to be bound to a port that is not yet closed (for example, in a TIME_WAIT state); note that this only applies to IPv4 (AF_INET) and IPv6 (AF_INET6) sockets; this option is ignored for UNIX (AF_UNIX) sockets.

See also

Socket::bindINET() and Socket::bindUNIX()

Note

UNIX domain sockets are not available on native Windows ports

bind() [2/2]

int Qore::Socket::bind	(	int	port,
		softbool	reuseaddr = False
	)

Opens and binds the socket to an INET port on all interfaces.

If the second parameter is True, then the socket will set the SO_REUSEADDR option, which will allow the socket to be bound to a port that is not yet closed (for example, in a TIME_WAIT state).

If any errors occur a non-zero error code is returned.

Example:

 # bind to port 80 on all interfaces on the local system and reuse the address, check return code
if (sock.bind(80, True))
    throw "BIND-ERROR", strerror(); 

Parameters

port	A port number to bind to on all interfaces
reuseaddr	If this optional argument evaluates to True, the SO_REUSEADDR option will be set on the socket, which will allow the socket to be bound to a port that is not yet closed (for example, in a TIME_WAIT state)

See also

Socket::bindINET() and Socket::bindUNIX()

bindINET()

nothing Qore::Socket::bindINET	(	*string	iface,
		*softstring	service,
		softbool	reuseaddr = False,
		softint	family = AF_UNSPEC,
		softint	socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
		softint	protocol = 0
	)

Opens and binds the socket to the given IPv4 or IPv6 interface (or if no interface is given, then to all interfaces on the local system) and port (the port number will be derived from the service name if a numeric port number is not given)

Opens and binds the socket to a port, interface and port (if the interface string has a format "host:port"), or UNIX domain socket file (if no port or service name appears in the bind string). If the second parameter is True, then the socket will set the SO_REUSEADDR option, which will allow the socket to be bound to a port that is not yet closed (for example, in a TIME_WAIT state).

Internally, the getaddrinfo() function is used to look up bind addresses; internal bind() operations are tried in sequence for each address returned; as soon as a bind operation is successful, the method returns. If none of the addresses can be bound, then an error code is returned.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Examples:

 # bind to port 80 on all interfaces on the local system and reuse the address
sock.bindINET(NOTHING, 80, True); 

 # bind to interface 192.168.2.23 port 8080 and do not reuse the address
sock.bindINET("192.168.2.23", 8080); 

 # bind to localhost port 8080 with ipv6 and do not reuse the address
sock.bindINET("localhost", 8080, False, AF_INET6); 

 # bind to ipv6 host address fe80::21c:42ff:fe00:8, port 1001, reuse the address
sock.bindINET("fe80::21c:42ff:fe00:8", 1001, True); 

Parameters

iface	the host name or IP address to bind to
service	the service name (ex: "http" or port number (given as or converted to a string) to bind to
reuseaddr	if this optional argument evaluates to True, the SO_REUSEADDR option will be set on the socket, which will allow the socket to be bound to a port that is not yet closed (for example, in a TIME_WAIT state)
family	the address family to use to bind; see Network Address Family Constants; AF_UNSPEC means to try all possible addres families
socktype	the type of socket; see Socket Type Constants; typically SOCK_STREAM for TCP sockets
protocol	the protocol number for the socket; use 0 for the default protocol

Exceptions

SOCKET-BIND-ERROR	Both hostname and service name are empty or not set; error opening socket for bind; error binding on socket.
QOREADDRINFO-GETINFO-ERROR	error looking up either nodename or servicename (or not known)

See also

Socket::bind() and Socket::bindUNIX()

bindUNIX()

nothing Qore::Socket::bindUNIX	(	string	path,
		softint	socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
		softint	protocol = 0
	)

Opens and binds the socket to the given UNIX domain socket file as given by the filename argument. If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Opens and binds the socket to the given UNIX domain socket file as given by the filename argument. Note that the socket file is automatically deleted in the destructor when a UNIX socket is closed. If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

 # bind to UNIX domain socket file "/tmp/socket"
sock.bindUNIX("/tmp/socket"); 

Parameters

path	The path of the UNIX domain socket to create and bind to
socktype	the type of socket; see Socket Type Constants; typically SOCK_STREAM for TCP sockets
protocol	the protocol number for the socket; use 0 for the default protocol

Exceptions

SOCKET-BIND-ERROR

Error opening socket for bind; error binding on socket

See also

Socket::bind() and Socket::bindINET()

Note

UNIX domain sockets are not available on native Windows ports

captureRemoteCertificates()

bool Qore::Socket::captureRemoteCertificates

(

bool

set = True

)

Sets the flag for capturing remote X.509 certificates; by default no capture of remote certificates is performed.

Example:

bool b = sock.captureRemoteCertificates();

Parameters

set	the flag for capturing remote X.509 certificates; by default no capture of remote certificates is performed

Returns

the old value of the flag

See also

getRemoteCertificate()

Since

Qore 0.9.3

clearStats()

Qore::Socket::clearStats

(

)

Clears performance statistics.

Example:

sock.clearStats();

Since

Qore 0.8.9

See also

Socket::getUsageInfo()

clearWarningQueue()

nothing Qore::Socket::clearWarningQueue

(

)

Removes any warning Queue object from the Socket.

Example:

sock.clearWarningQueue();

See also

Socket::setWarningQueue()

Since

Qore 0.8.9

close()

int Qore::Socket::close

(

)

Closes an open socket.

Also deletes the UNIX domain socket file if it was created by a call to Socket::bind(). Returns 0 for success, -1 for error; in this case check errno() for the error number

Example:

if (sock.close())
    stderr.printf("Error closing socket: %s\n", strerror(errno()));

Events:

EVENT_CHANNEL_CLOSED

Returns

0 for success, -1 for error; in this case check errno() for the error number

connect()

nothing Qore::Socket::connect	(	string	target,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Connects to a remote port (if the string has a format "host:port") or UNIX domain socket file with an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution.

Connects the socket to a remote (or local) port or UNIX domain socket file, for network (ipv4 and ipv6) connections, accepts an optional timeout value in milliseconds (relative date/time values can be given instead of an integer in milliseconds to make the source more readable; ex: 20s). If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Examples:

# connect to ipv4 adress 192.168.1.45 port 8080 with a 30 second timeout
sock.connect("192.168.1.45:8080", 30s);

# connect to ipv6 adress 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 port 80 with a 10 second timeout
sock.connect("[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:80", 10s);

# connect to localhost using ipv6 (::1) port 80 with a 10 second timeout
sock.connect("[localhost]:80", 15s);

# connect to UNIX domain socket file "/tmp/socket"
sock.connect("/tmp/socket");

Events:

EVENT_CONNECTING, EVENT_CONNECTED, EVENT_HOSTNAME_LOOKUP, EVENT_HOSTNAME_RESOLVED

Parameters

target

The target address interpreted with the following rules: If a colon appears in the string, the string will be assumed to be a "hostname:port" specification to connect to; where "port" can also be a service name (ex: "example.com:https") If the string contains no colon, the socket will try to connect to a UNIX domain socket file on the local filesystem with the given name. Enclose ipv6 addresses in square brackets (ex: "[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:80", will connect to port 80 on the given ipv6 address); also if a hostname is enclosed in square brackets, it will be resolved as an ipv6 address (ex: "[localhost]:80" will connect to port 80 on ::1, assuming "localhost" can be resolved to the ipv6 loopback address on the system).

timeout_ms

If a timeout value is passed and the connection takes longer to establish than the timeout, a "SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR" exception is thrown. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR

An error occured connecting to the remote socket (cannot resolve hostname, no listener, timeout exceeded, etc).

See also

Socket::connectUNIX(), Socket::connectUNIX(), Socket::connectSSL(), Socket::connectINETSSL(), and Socket::connectUNIXSSL()

connectINET()

nothing Qore::Socket::connectINET	(	string	host,
		softstring	service,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1,
		softint	family = AF_UNSPEC,
		softint	socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
		softint	protocol = 0
	)

Connects to the given host and port with an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution.

Connects the socket to a remote (or local) port; accepts an optional timeout value in milliseconds (relative date/time values can be given instead of an integer in milliseconds to make the source more readable; ex: 20s). If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Do not use square brackets to designate ipv6 addresses with this method; just give the address in its normal form (ex: "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334").

Examples:

# connect to ipv4 address 192.168.1.45 port 8080 with a 30 second timeout
sock.connectINET("192.168.1.45", 8080, 30s);

# connect to ipv6 address 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 port 80 with a 20 second timeout
sock.connectINET("2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334", 80, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_CONNECTING, EVENT_CONNECTED, EVENT_HOSTNAME_LOOKUP, EVENT_HOSTNAME_RESOLVED

Parameters

host	The host name or IP address to connect to
service	The service name (ex: "http" or port number (given as or converted to a string) to connect to
timeout_ms	If a timeout value is passed and the connection takes longer to establish than the timeout, a "SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR" exception is thrown. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)
family	The address family to use to connect to the remote socket; see Network Address Family Constants
socktype	The type of socket; see Socket Type Constants; typically SOCK_STREAM for TCP sockets
protocol	The protocol number for the socket (if not sure leave this 0)

Exceptions

SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR

An error occured connecting to the remote socket (cannot resolve hostname, no listener, timeout exceeded, etc)

See also

Socket::connect(), Socket::connectUNIX(), Socket::connectSSL(), Socket::connectINETSSL(), and Socket::connectUNIXSSL()

connectINETSSL()

nothing Qore::Socket::connectINETSSL	(	string	host,
		softstring	service,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1,
		softint	family = AF_UNSPEC,
		softint	socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
		softint	protocol = 0
	)

Connects to the given host and port and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection; accepts an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution.

Connects the socket to a remote (or local) port and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection; accepts an optional timeout value in milliseconds (relative date/time values can be given instead of an integer in milliseconds to make the source more readable; ex: 20s). If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Do not use square brackets to designate ipv6 addresses with this method; just give the address in its normal form (ex: "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334").

Examples:

 # connect to 192.168.1.45 port 8080 with a 30 second timeout
sock.connectINETSSL("192.168.1.45", 8080, 30s); 

 # connect to ipv6 address 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 port 80 with a 20 second timeout
sock.connectINETSSL("2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334", 80, 20s); 

Events:

EVENT_CONNECTING, EVENT_CONNECTED, EVENT_HOSTNAME_LOOKUP, EVENT_HOSTNAME_RESOLVED, EVENT_START_SSL, EVENT_SSL_ESTABLISHED

Parameters

host	The host name or IP address to connect to
service	The service name (ex: "http" or port number (given as or converted to a string) to connect to
timeout_ms	If a timeout value is passed and the connection takes longer to establish than the timeout, a "SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR" exception is thrown. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)
family	The address family to use to connect to the remote socket; see Network Address Family Constants
socktype	The type of socket; see Socket Type Constants; typically SOCK_STREAM for TCP sockets
protocol	The protocol number for the socket (if not sure leave this 0)

Exceptions

SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR	An error occured connecting to the remote socket (cannot resolve hostname, no listener, timeout exceeded, etc)
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	An error occurred establishing the TLS/SSL connection

See also

Socket::connect(), Socket::connectUNIX(), Socket::connectSSL(), Socket::connectINET(), and Socket::connectUNIXSSL()

connectSSL()

nothing Qore::Socket::connectSSL	(	string	target,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Connects to a remote socket and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection; accepts an optional timeout value with a millisecond resolution.

Connects to a remote socket and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection, for network (INET) connections, accepts an optional timeout value in milliseconds (relative date/time values can be given instead of an integer in milliseconds to make the source more readable; ex: 20s). If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Enclose ipv6 addresses in square brackets (ex: "[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:80", will connect to port 80 on the given ipv6 address); also if a hostname is enclosed in square brackets, it will be resolved as an ipv6 adress (ex: "[localhost]:80" will connect to port 80 on ::1, assuming "localhost" can be resolved to the ipv6 loopback address on the system).

Examples:

 # connect to ipv4 adress 192.168.1.45 port 8080 with a 30 second timeout
sock.connectSSL("192.168.1.45:8080", 30s); 

 # connect to ipv6 adress 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 port 80 with a 10 second timeout
sock.connectSSL("[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:80", 10s); 

 # connect to localhost using ipv6 (::1) port 80 with a 10 second timeout
sock.connectSSL("[localhost]:80", 15s); 

 # connect to UNIX domain socket file "/tmp/socket"
sock.connectSSL("/tmp/socket"); 

Events:

EVENT_CONNECTING, EVENT_CONNECTED, EVENT_HOSTNAME_LOOKUP, EVENT_HOSTNAME_RESOLVED, EVENT_START_SSL, EVENT_SSL_ESTABLISHED

Parameters

target

The target address interpreted with the following rules: If a colon appears in the string, the string will be assumed to be a "hostname:port" specification to connect to; where "port" can also be a service name (ex: "example.com:https") If the string contains no colon, the socket will try to connect to a UNIX domain socket file on the local filesystem with the given name. Enclose ipv6 addresses in square brackets (ex: "[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:80", will connect to port 80 on the given ipv6 address); also if a hostname is enclosed in square brackets, it will be resolved as an ipv6 address (ex: "[localhost]:80" will connect to port 80 on ::1, assuming "localhost" can be resolved to the ipv6 loopback address on the system).

timeout_ms

if a timeout value is passed and the connection takes longer to establish than the timeout, an exception is thrown. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR	An error occured connecting to the remote socket (cannot resolve hostname, no listener, timeout exceeded, etc)
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	An error occurred establishing the TLS/SSL connection

See also

Socket::connect(), Socket::connectUNIX(), Socket::connectUNIXSSL(), Socket::connectINETSSL(), and Socket::connectINET()

connectUNIX()

nothing Qore::Socket::connectUNIX	(	string	path,
		softint	socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
		softint	protocol = 0
	)

Connects to a UNIX domain socket file.

Connects the socket to the given UNIX domain socket file; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

 # connect to UNIX domain socket file "/tmp/socket"
sock.connectUNIX("/tmp/socket"); 

Events:

EVENT_CONNECTING, EVENT_CONNECTED

Parameters

path	The socket will try to connect to a UNIX domain socket file on the local filesystem with the given name
socktype	The type of socket; see Socket Type Constants; typically SOCK_STREAM for TCP sockets
protocol	The protocol number for the socket (if not sure leave this 0)

Exceptions

SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR

An error occured connecting to the socket

See also

Socket::connect(), Socket::connectINET(), Socket::connectSSL(), Socket::connectINETSSL(), and Socket::connectUNIXSSL()

Note

UNIX domain sockets are not available on native Windows ports

connectUNIXSSL()

nothing Qore::Socket::connectUNIXSSL	(	string	path,
		softint	socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
		softint	protocol = 0
	)

Connects to the given UNIX domain socket file and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection.

Connects the socket to a UNIX domain socket file and attempts to establish a TLS/SSL connection. If any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

 # connect to UNIX domain socket file "/tmp/socket"
sock.connectUNIXSSL("/tmp/socket"); 

Events:

EVENT_CONNECTING, EVENT_CONNECTED, EVENT_START_SSL, EVENT_SSL_ESTABLISHED

Parameters

path	The socket will try to connect to a UNIX domain socket file on the local filesystem with the given name
socktype	The type of socket; see Socket Type Constants; typically SOCK_STREAM for TCP sockets
protocol	The protocol number for the socket (if not sure leave this 0)

Exceptions

SOCKET-CONNECT-ERROR	An error occured connecting to the socket
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	An error occurred establishing the TLS/SSL connection

See also

Socket::connect(), Socket::connectUNIX(), Socket::connectSSL(), Socket::connectINETSSL(), and Socket::connectINET()

Note

UNIX domain sockets are not available on native Windows ports

constructor()

Qore::Socket::constructor

(

)

Creates the socket object.

Example:

Socket sock(); 

copy()

Qore::Socket::copy

(

)

Creates a new Socket object, not based on the source being copied.

Example:

Socket newsock = sock.copy(); 

getAcceptAllCertificates()

bool Qore::Socket::getAcceptAllCertificates

(

)

returns the current value of the "accept all certificates" flag

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

bool b = sock.getAcceptAllCertificates();

Returns

the current value of the "accept all certificates" flag; if True, then self-signed certificates are accepted, if False, then they are not

See also

• Socket::acceptAllCertificates()
• Socket::setSslVerifyMode()
• Socket::getSslVerifyMode()

Since

Qore 0.8.13

getCharset()

string Qore::Socket::getCharset

(

)

Returns the character encoding for the socket.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

A method synonym for Socket::getEncoding(), kept for backwards-compatibility

Returns

the character encoding for the socket

getConnectionId()

int Qore::Socket::getConnectionId

(

)

Returns an integer connection ID that is incremented every time the socket is disconnected.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

int conn_id = sock.getConnectionId();

Returns

an integer connection ID that is incremented every time the socket is disconnected

This number can be used to identify new connections

Since

Qore 0.9.3.1

getEncoding()

string Qore::Socket::getEncoding

(

)

Returns the character encoding for the socket.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Returns

the character encoding for the socket

getNoDelay()

bool Qore::Socket::getNoDelay

(

)

Returns the TCP_NODELAY setting for the socket.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

bool b = sock.getNoDelay();

Returns

the TCP_NODELAY setting for the socket

See also

Socket::setNoDelay() for a description of the TCP_NODELAY setting

getPeerInfo()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::getPeerInfo

(

bool

host_lookup = True

)

Returns a hash of information about the remote end for connected sockets.

If the socket is not connected, an exception is thrown

Example:

hash<auto> h = sock.getPeerInfo();

Parameters

host_lookup

do a lookup of the hostname; if this is False then "hostname" and "hostname_desc" are not present in the response hash

Returns

a hash of information about the remote end for connected sockets

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not open
SOCKET-GETPEERINFO-ERROR	error in getpeername()

Since

Qore 0.8.8 added the host_lookup parameter

getPort()

int Qore::Socket::getPort

(

)

Returns the port number of the socket for INET sockets.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

int port = sock.getPort();

Returns

the port number for an INET connection, -1 if no INET connection has been established

getRecvTimeout()

int Qore::Socket::getRecvTimeout

(

)

Returns the receive timeout socket option value as an integer in milliseconds.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

int to = sock.getRecvTimeout();

Returns

the receive timeout socket option value as an integer in milliseconds

getRemoteCertificate()

*SSLCertificate Qore::Socket::getRemoteCertificate

(

)

Returns any remote certificate captured or NOTHING if there is none.

Example:

*SSLCertificate cert = sock.getRemoteCertificate();

Returns

any remote certificate captured or NOTHING if there is none

See also

captureRemoteCertificates()

Since

Qore 0.9.3

getSendTimeout()

int Qore::Socket::getSendTimeout

(

)

Returns the send timeout socket option value as an integer in milliseconds.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

int to = sock.getSendTimeout();

Returns

the send timeout socket option value as an integer in milliseconds

getSocket()

int Qore::Socket::getSocket

(

)

Returns the socket file descriptor number.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

int sock = sock.getSocket();

Returns

the socket file descriptor number or -1 if the socket is not open

getSocketInfo()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::getSocketInfo

(

bool

host_lookup = True

)

Returns information about the local socket as a hash.

If the socket is not open, an exception is thrown

Example:

hash<auto> h = sock.getSocketInfo();

Parameters

host_lookup

do a lookup of the hostname; if this is False then "hostname" and "hostname_desc" are not present in the response hash

Returns

a hash of information about the remote end for connected sockets

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not open
SOCKET-GETSOCKETINFO-ERROR	error in getsockname()

Since

Qore 0.8.8 added the host_lookup parameter

getSSLCipherName()

*string Qore::Socket::getSSLCipherName

(

)

Returns the name of the cipher for an encrypted connection or NOTHING if a secure connection has not been established.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

*string str = sock.getSSLCipherName();

Returns

the name of the cipher for an encrypted connection or NOTHING if a secure connection has not been established

getSSLCipherVersion()

*string Qore::Socket::getSSLCipherVersion

(

)

Returns the version string of the cipher for an encrypted connection or NOTHING if a secure connection has not been established.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

*string str = sock.getSSLCipherVersion();

Returns

the version string of the cipher for an encrypted connection or NOTHING if a secure connection has not been established

getSslVerifyMode()

int Qore::Socket::getSslVerifyMode

(

)

returns the current SSL verification mode

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

int mode = sock.getSslVerifyMode();

Returns

the SSL verfication mode, see SSL Verification Mode Constants for more information

See also

• Socket::getAcceptAllCertificates()
• Socket::setSslVerifyMode()
• Socket::acceptAllCertificates()

Since

Qore 0.8.13

getUsageInfo()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::getUsageInfo

(

)

Returns performance statistics for the socket.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

hash<auto> h = sock.getUsageInfo();

Returns

a hash with the following keys:

• "bytes_sent": an integer giving the total amount of bytes sent
• "bytes_recv": an integer giving the total amount of bytes received
• "us_sent": an integer giving the total number of microseconds spent sending data
• "us_recv": an integer giving the total number of microseconds spent receiving data
• "arg": (only if warning values have been set with Socket::setWarningQueue()) the optional argument for warning hashes
• "timeout": (only if warning values have been set with Socket::setWarningQueue()) the warning timeout in microseconds
• "min_throughput": (only if warning values have been set with Socket::setWarningQueue()) the minimum warning throughput in bytes/sec

Since

Qore 0.8.9

See also

Socket::clearStats()

isDataAvailable()

bool Qore::Socket::isDataAvailable

(

timeout

timeout_ms = 0

)

Returns True or False depending on whether there is data to be read on the socket.

With a timeout of zero this method returns immediately and can be used for non-blocking polling the socket for data (can also be used to poll for new connections before Socket::accept()).

Example:

bool b = sock.isDataAvailable();

Parameters

timeout_ms

an optional timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); if no timeout is given, the method returns immediately; Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

True if data is available on the Socket within the timeout period, False if not

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end closed the connection without sending any data

isOpen()

bool Qore::Socket::isOpen

(

)

Returns True if the socket is open.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

bool b = sock.isOpen();

Returns

True if the socket is open, False if not

isSecure()

bool Qore::Socket::isSecure

(

)

Returns True if the connection is a secure TLS/SSL connection.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

bool b = sock.isSecure();

Returns

True if the connection is encrypted, False if not

isWriteFinished()

bool Qore::Socket::isWriteFinished

(

timeout

timeout_ms = 0

)

Returns True or False depending on whether all the data has been written to the socket.

With a timeout of zero this method returns immediately.

Example:

bool b = sock.isWriteFinished();

Parameters

timeout_ms

an optional timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); if no timeout is given, the method returns immediately; Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

True if the send action completes within the timeout period, False if not

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end closed the connection without sending any data

listen()

int Qore::Socket::listen

(

int

backlog = 20

)

Listens for connections on a bound socket; sets the socket in a listening state.

Listens for new connections on a bound socket.

Example:

sock.listen(); 

Parameters

backlog

the size of the queue for pending connections

Returns

Returns 0 for success, -1 for error

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN

The socket is not bound

Since

Qore 0.8.8 the backlog parameter was added

pendingHttpChunkedBody()

bool Qore::Socket::pendingHttpChunkedBody

(

)

returns True if the socket is still connected, and a HTTP header was read indicating chunked transfer encoding, but no chunked body has been read yet

Example:

bool b = sock.pendingHttpChunkedBody();

Since

Qore 0.8.10

poll()

static list<hash<SocketPollInfo> > Qore::Socket::poll ( list< hash< SocketPollInfo >>  items, timeout  timeout_ms  )

static

polls multiple sockets and returns all sockets with events

Example:

list<hash<SocketPollInfo>> l(
    <SocketPollInfo>{
        "events": SOCK_POLLOUT,
        "socket": sock1,
    },
    <SocketPollInfo>{
        "events": SOCK_POLLIN | SOCK_POLLOUT,
        "socket": sock2,
    },
);
l = Socket::poll(l, 2s);

Parameters

item	list of SocketPollInfo hashes of sockets with events in the timeoutt period
timeout_ms	the poll timeout period; -1 = never timeout

Returns

a list of sockets with events in the timeout period

Exceptions

SOCKET-POLL-ERROR	socket value in the items argument is not assigned or there was an error in the poll operation
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	socket value in the items argument is closed

Note

If a socket being polled is closed or deleted in a background thread, the poll operation is not interrupted on Linux; other platforms behave differently (macOS / Darwin interrupts the polling process in this case); for proper operation on all platforms, do not assume that the polling operation will return immediately if a socket being polled is deleted in a background thread.

Since

Qore 0.9.11

readHTTPChunkedBody()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::readHTTPChunkedBody

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a string in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received)

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised

Example:

hash<auto> ans = sock.readHTTPChunkedBody(20s);

Events:

EVENT_HTTP_CHUNK_SIZE, EVENT_HTTP_FOOTERS_RECEIVED

Parameters

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

a hash of any HTTP footers received (with footer keys converted to lower case), with the body returned in the "body" key as a string in the Socket's encoding

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
READ-HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	negative value given for chunk size by server

readHTTPChunkedBodyBinary()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::readHTTPChunkedBodyBinary

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a binary object in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received)

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised

Example:

hash<auto> ans = sock.readHTTPChunkedBodyBinary(20s);

Events:

EVENT_HTTP_CHUNK_SIZE, EVENT_HTTP_FOOTERS_RECEIVED

Parameters

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

a hash of any HTTP footers received (with footer keys converted to lower case), with the body returned in the "body" key as a binary object

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
READ-HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	negative value given for chunk size by server

readHTTPChunkedBodyBinaryWithCallback()

Qore::Socket::readHTTPChunkedBodyBinaryWithCallback	(	code	rcb,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a string in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received)

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised

Example:

sock.readHTTPChunkedBodyBinaryWithCallback(recv_callback, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_HTTP_CHUNK_SIZE, EVENT_HTTP_FOOTERS_RECEIVED

Parameters

rcb

The receive callback for the data received; first this method is called with a hash of the message headers, and then with any message body; if a chunked HTTP message is received, then the callback is called once for each chunk; when the message has been received, then the receive callback is called with a hash representing any trailer data received in a chunked transfer or NOTHING if the data was received in a normal message body or if there was no trailer data in a chunked transfer. The argument to this callback is always a hash; data calls have the following keys: "data": the string or binary data "chunked": True if the data was received with chunked transfer encoding, False if not Header or trailer data is placed in a hash with the following keys: "hdr": this can be assigned to NOTHING for the trailer hash if the data was not sent chunked or no trailers were included in a chunked message "obj": this is the owning object (so socket parameters can be changed based on headers received, such as, for example, socket character encoding)

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
READ-HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	negative value given for chunk size by server

Since

Qore 0.8.10

readHTTPChunkedBodyToOutputStream()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::readHTTPChunkedBodyToOutputStream	(	Qore::OutputStream	os,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding, writes it in an OutputStream and returns any footers received.

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised

Example:

hash<auto> ans = sock.readHTTPChunkedBodyToOutputStream(outputStream, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_HTTP_CHUNK_SIZE, EVENT_HTTP_FOOTERS_RECEIVED

Parameters

os

The output stream to write the response body to

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

a hash of any HTTP footers received (with footer keys converted to lower case)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
READ-HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	negative value given for chunk size by server

readHTTPChunkedBodyWithCallback()

Qore::Socket::readHTTPChunkedBodyWithCallback	(	code	rcb,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Reads in an HTTP message body sent in chunked transfer encoding and returns it with any footers received as a string in the "body" key of a hash (including footers received)

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised

Example:

sock.readHTTPChunkedBodyWithCallback(recv_callback, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_HTTP_CHUNK_SIZE, EVENT_HTTP_FOOTERS_RECEIVED

Parameters

rcb

The receive callback for the data received; first this method is called with a hash of the message headers, and then with any message body; if a chunked HTTP message is received, then the callback is called once for each chunk; when the message has been received, then the receive callback is called with a hash representing any trailer data received in a chunked transfer or NOTHING if the data was received in a normal message body or if there was no trailer data in a chunked transfer. The argument to this callback is always a hash; data calls have the following keys: "data": the string or binary data "chunked": True if the data was received with chunked transfer encoding, False if not Header or trailer data is placed in a hash with the following keys: "hdr": this can be assigned to NOTHING for the trailer hash if the data was not sent chunked or no trailers were included in a chunked message "obj": this is the owning object (so socket parameters can be changed based on headers received, such as, for example, socket character encoding)

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
READ-HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	negative value given for chunk size by server

Since

Qore 0.8.10

readHTTPHeader()

hash<auto> Qore::Socket::readHTTPHeader	(	timeout	timeout_ms = -1,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info
	)

Retuns a hash representing the data in the HTTP header read, or, if the data cannot be parsed as an HTTP header, then an exception is thrown, and the data read is returned as a string in the arg key of the exception hash.

If any errors occur reading from the socket or if invalid HTTP data is received, an exception is raised. Accepts an optional timeout value in milliseconds.

Example:

hash<auto> ans = sock.readHTTPHeader(10s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ, EVENT_HTTP_MESSAGE_RECEIVED

Parameters

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

info

An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with one of the following two keys: headers-raw: the raw headers read without any case conversions or other processing request-uri: (only set when parsing a request header) gives the request URI in an HTTP request response-uri: (only set when parsing a response header) gives the response URI in an HTTP response body-content-type: this is the "Content-Type" header without any charset declaration charset: if there is a charset declaration in the "Content-Type" header, the value is returned in this key close: (only set when parsing a request header) set to True if the connection should be closed after responding, False if not; see notes below about how this value is calculated accept-charset: this key will be set to an appropriate value from any "Accept-Charset" header; if any of "*", "utf8", or "utf-8" are present, then this will be set to "utf8", otherwise it will be set to the first requested character encoding in the list accept-encoding: this key will be set to a list of values from any "Accept-Encoding" header

Returns

a hash of headers (where each header key is converted to lower-case) also including the following keys giving additional information about the HTTP header received:

• http_version: a string giving the HTTP version set in the header
• status_code: (HTTP responses only) an integer giving the status code
• status_message: (HTTP responses only) if present in an HTTP response, this key will be set to the message after the status code
• method: (HTTP requests only) a string giving the HTTP method (i.e. "GET", "POST", etc)
• path: (HTTP requests only) a string giving the path in a request without any decoding; use decode_url() to decode if necessary

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end closed the connection without sending any data
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
SOCKET-HTTP-ERROR	Invalid HTTP data was received, in the case of invalid header info received, the arg key of the exception hash will have the invalid data received

Note

• if the header claims a certain character encoding via a charset declaration in the "Content-Type" header, the Socket's character encoding is automatically set accordingly
• RFC 2616 3.7.1: if no encoding is specified, then set "iso-8859-1"
• RFC 2068 19.7.1: Persistent connections in HTTP/1.0 must be explicitly negotiated as they are not the default behavior
• RFC 1945 1.3: Except for experimental applications, current practice requires that the connection be established by the client prior to each request and closed by the server after sending the response.
• the conclusion is that server applications MUST close the connection when a request is received by an HTTP 1.0 client without an explicit request to keep the connection open

Since

• Qore 0.8.4 this method always returns a hash and raises a SOCKET-HTTP-ERROR if invalid HTTP data is received
• Qore 0.8.8 added the close, charset, body-content-type, and accept-charset info keys as well as the encoding handling based on the detected charset
• Qore 0.9.3 added the "headers-raw" key in the output info hash

readHTTPHeaderString()

string Qore::Socket::readHTTPHeaderString

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Retuns a string representing the data in the HTTP header read (reads until "\r\n\r\n")

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised. Accepts an optional timeout value in milliseconds.

Example:

string str = sock.readHTTPHeaderString(10s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

a string representing the header data read

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	The remote end closed the connection without sending any data
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	There was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	The data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	There was an SSL error while reading data from the socket
SOCKET-HTTP-ERROR	maximum header size was exceeded

Since

Qore 0.8.8

recv()

string Qore::Socket::recv	(	softint	size = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Receives data from the socket and returns a string tagged with the Socket's character encoding.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

string data = sock.recv(-1); # read all data available

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

size	the amount of data to read in bytes; to read until the remote closes the connection, use -1; a value of 0 means to read all data currently available or available up until the timeout period (if non-negative)
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

the data read, returned as a string tagged with the Socket's character encoding

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection.
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data.
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

• Socket::setEncoding()
• Socket::recvBinary()

recvBinary()

binary Qore::Socket::recvBinary	(	softint	size = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Receives data from the socket and returns a binary object.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

binary data = sock.recvBinary(-1); # read all data available

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

size	the amount of data to read in bytes; to read until the remote closes the connection, use -1; a value of 0 means to read all data currently available or available up until the timeout period (if non-negative)
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

the data read, returned as a binary object

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection.
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data.
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recv()

recvi1()

int Qore::Socket::recvi1

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 1-byte signed integer from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi1();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 1-byte signed integer read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvu1()

recvi2()

int Qore::Socket::recvi2

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi2();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 2-byte signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvu2(), Socket::recvi2LSB(), Socket::recvu2LSB()

recvi2LSB()

int Qore::Socket::recvi2LSB

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) signed integer in little-endian format from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi2LSB();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 2-byte signed integer in little-endian format read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi2(), Socket::recvu2(), Socket::recvu2LSB()

recvi4()

int Qore::Socket::recvi4

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi4();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 4-byte signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvu4(), Socket::recvi4LSB(), Socket::recvu4LSB()

recvi4LSB()

int Qore::Socket::recvi4LSB

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) signed integer in little-endian format from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi4LSB();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 4-byte signed integer in little-endian format read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi4(), Socket::recvu4(), Socket::recvu4LSB()

recvi8()

int Qore::Socket::recvi8

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives an 8-byte (64-bit) signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi8();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 8-byte signed integer in big-endian format (network byte order) read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi8LSB()

recvi8LSB()

int Qore::Socket::recvi8LSB

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives an 8-byte (64-bit) signed integer in little-endian format from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi8LSB();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 8-byte signed integer in little-endian format read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi8()

recvToOutputStream()

nothing Qore::Socket::recvToOutputStream	(	Qore::OutputStream	os,
		softint	size = -1,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Receives data from the socket and writes the bytes to an OutputStream.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

sock.recvToOutputStream(os, -1); # read all data available

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

os	The output stream to write the response body to
size	the amount of data to read in bytes; to read until the remote closes the connection, use -1
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection.
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data.
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recv()

Since

Qore 0.8.13

recvu1()

int Qore::Socket::recvu1

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 1-byte unsigned integer from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvu1();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 1-byte unsigned integer read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi1()

recvu2()

int Qore::Socket::recvu2

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) unsigned integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvu2();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 2-byte unsigned integer in big-endian format (network byte order) read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi2(), Socket::recvi2LSB(), Socket::recvu2LSB()

recvu2LSB()

int Qore::Socket::recvu2LSB

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 2-byte (16-bit) unsigned integer in little-endian format from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvi2LSB();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 2-byte unsigned integer in little-endian format read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi2(), Socket::recvu2(), Socket::recvi2LSB()

recvu4()

int Qore::Socket::recvu4

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) unsigned integer in big-endian format (network byte order) from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvu4();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 4-byte unsigned integer in big-endian format (network byte order) read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi4(), Socket::recvi4LSB(), Socket::recvu4LSB()

recvu4LSB()

int Qore::Socket::recvu4LSB

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Receives a 4-byte (32-bit) unsigned integer in little-endian format from the socket.

If any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

int val = sock.recvu4LSB();

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_READ

Parameters

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

The 4-byte unsigned integer in little-endian format read; if any errors occur reading from the socket, an exception is raised

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-CLOSED	the remote end has closed the connection
SOCKET-RECV-ERROR	there was an error receiving the data
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while reading data from the socket

See also

Socket::recvi4(), Socket::recvu4(), Socket::recvi4LSB()

send() [1/2]

int Qore::Socket::send	(	binary	bin,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

sock.send(data, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

bin

Sends the binary data over the socket

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

• Socket::sendBinary()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::send2() except for the return value

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error like Socket::send2(); this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

send() [2/2]

int Qore::Socket::send	(	string	str,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends string data over the socket; string data is converted to the socket's encoding if necessary; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

String data will be converted to the encoding set for the socket if necessary.

Example:

sock.send(str, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

str

sends the string data over the socket without the trailing null ('\0') character; the string's encoding is converted to the socket's encoding if necessary

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

• Socket::sendBinary2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::send2() except for the return value

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error like Socket::send2(); this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

send2() [1/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::send2	(	binary	bin,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

sock.send2(data);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

bin

Sends the binary data over the socket

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

• Socket::sendBinary2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::send() except for the lack of a return value (since errors cause exceptions to be thrown, no return value is necessary)

Since

Qore 0.8.4

send2() [2/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::send2	(	string	str,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends string data over the socket; string data is converted to the socket's encoding if necessary; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

String data will be converted to the encoding set for the socket if necessary.

Example:

sock.send2(str);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

str

sends the string data over the socket without the trailing null ('\0') character; the string's encoding is converted to the socket's encoding if necessary

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

• Socket::sendBinary2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::send() except for the lack of a return value (since errors cause exceptions to be thrown, no return value is necessary)

Since

Qore 0.8.4

sendBinary() [1/2]

int Qore::Socket::sendBinary	(	string	str,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends string data over the socket without converting the string to the socket's encoding, but instead is sent exactly as-is; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

sock.sendBinary(str);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

str

string data to be sent (without any conversion to the socket's encoding) over the socket without the trailing null ('\0') character

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

Socket::send2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::sendBinary2() except for the return value

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error like Socket::send2(); this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendBinary() [2/2]

int Qore::Socket::sendBinary	(	binary	bin,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

sock.sendBinary2(data);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

bin

Sends the binary data over the socket

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

Socket::send2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::sendBinary2() except for the return value

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error like Socket::send2(); this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendBinary2() [1/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendBinary2	(	string	str,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends string data over the socket without converting the string to the socket's encoding, but instead is sent exactly as-is; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

sock.sendBinary2(str);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

str

string data to be sent (without any conversion to the socket's encoding) over the socket without the trailing null ('\0') character

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

Socket::send2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::sendBinary() except for the lack of a return value (since errors cause exceptions to be thrown, no return value is necessary)

Since

Qore 0.8.4

sendBinary2() [2/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendBinary2	(	binary	bin,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends binary data over the socket; if any errors occur, an exception is thrown.

Example:

sock.sendBinary2(data);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

bin

Sends the binary data over the socket

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

See also

Socket::send2()

Note

this method is as of Qore 0.8.6+ equivalent to Socket::sendBinary() except for the lack of a return value (since errors cause exceptions to be thrown, no return value is necessary)

Since

Qore 0.8.4

sendFromInputStream()

nothing Qore::Socket::sendFromInputStream	(	Qore::InputStream	input_stream,
		softint	size = -1,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Reads data from an InputStream and sends the bytes over the socket.

If any errors occur writing to the socket, an exception is raised

Example:

sock.sendFromInputStream(input_stream, -1); # write all data available

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

input_stream	the InputStream providing the data to send
size	the amount of data to send in bytes; to send all data available in the InputStream, use -1
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.13

sendHTTPChunkedBodyFromInputStream()

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPChunkedBodyFromInputStream	(	Qore::InputStream	input_stream,
		int	max_chunk_size = 4096,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1,
		*code	tcb
	)

Sends an HTTP message body in chunked transfer encoding.

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPChunkedBodyFromInputStream(inputStream);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

input_stream	The input stream to read data from
max_chunk_size	the maximum chunk size as the read block size for the InputStream read block size; the actual size of the data read will determine the size of each HTTP chunk
timeout_ms	The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)
tcb	An optional trailer callback for message trailers to write in the outgoing chunked message; the callback takes no arguments and must return either NOTHING or hash giving a hash of trailers for the final chunk

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed
HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	the chunk size given is not greater than 0
HTTP-TRAILER-ERROR	the trailer callback must return either NOTHING or hash; this exception is thrown is another type is returned

Since

Qore 0.8.13

sendHTTPChunkedBodyTrailer()

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPChunkedBodyTrailer	(	*hash< auto >	trailer,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends the trialer of an HTTP message body in chunked transfer encoding.

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised

Example:

sock.sendHTTPChunkedBodyTrailer({});

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

trailer

optional trailer data

timeout_ms

The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

Since

Qore 0.8.13

sendHTTPMessage() [1/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPMessage	(	string	method,
		string	path,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		string	body,
		*reference< hash >	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP message with a method and user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP message and sends it over the Socket. To send a string without converting the encoding to the Socket's encoding, convert the string to a binary object using the binary() function and use the variant of this method that takes a binary object for the data argument.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPMessage("POST", "/RPC2", "1.1", ("Content-Type" : "text/xml"), xml);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

method	the HTTP method name to send (i.e. POST, HEAD, etc)
path	the path component of the URL
http_version	the HTTP protocol version ("1.0" or "1.1")
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
body	the body to be sent with the message (if present, the "Content-Length" header will be automatically set); string data will be automatically converted to the Socket's encoding if necessary
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: request-uri: The request URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
ENCODING-CONVERSION-ERROR	the given string could not be converted to the socket's character encoding
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	Send failed
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an error sending SSL data

See also

Socket::sendHTTPResponse(), Socket::readHTTPHeader()

sendHTTPMessage() [2/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPMessage	(	string	method,
		string	path,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		*binary	body,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP message with a method and user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP message and sends it over the Socket

Example:

sock.sendHTTPMessage("POST", "/RPC2", "1.1", ("Content-Type" : "text/xml"), xml);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

method	the HTTP method name to send (i.e. POST, HEAD, etc)
path	the path component of the URL
http_version	the HTTP protocol version ("1.0" or "1.1")
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
body	if it does not have a length of zero, the body to be sent with the message (if present, the "Content-Length" header will be automatically set)
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: request-uri: The request URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	Send failed
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an error sending SSL data

See also

Socket::sendHTTPResponse(), Socket::readHTTPHeader()

sendHTTPMessageWithCallback()

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPMessageWithCallback	(	code	scb,
		string	method,
		string	path,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP message with a method and user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP message and sends it over the Socket

Example:

sock.sendHTTPMessageWithCallback(send_callback, "POST", "/RPC2", "1.1", ("Content-Type" : "text/xml"));

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

scb	The callback giving the chunked HTTP data to send; this callback must return either a string or a binary value each time it is called to give the chunked data to send; when all data has been sent, then a hash of message trailers can be sent or simply NOTHING which will close the chunked message
method	the HTTP method name to send (i.e. POST, HEAD, etc)
path	the path component of the URL
http_version	the HTTP protocol version ("1.0" or "1.1")
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: request-uri: The request URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	Send failed
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an error sending SSL data

See also

Socket::sendHTTPResponse(), Socket::readHTTPHeader()

Since

Qore 0.8.10

sendHTTPResponse() [1/5]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponse	(	softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		string	body,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP response message and sends it over the Socket (must already be connected). If any errors occur, an exception is raised. To send a string without converting the encoding to the Socket's encoding, convert the string to a binary object using the binary() function and use the variant of this method that takes a binary object for the data argument.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponse(200, "OK", "1.1", ("Connection":"Keep-Alive"));

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
body	if present (and does not have a length of zero), the body to be sent with the message (if present, the "Content-Length" header will be automatically set); string data will be automatically converted to the Socket's encoding if necessary
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-SENDHTTPRESPONSE-STATUS-ERROR	raised if the status_code (first argument) is < 100 or > 599
ENCODING-CONVERSION-ERROR	the given string could not be converted to the socket's character encoding
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

sendHTTPResponse() [2/5]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponse	(	softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		string	body,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and an optional message body.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP response message and sends it over the Socket (must already be connected). If any errors occur, an exception is raised. To send a string without converting the encoding to the Socket's encoding, convert the string to a binary object using the binary() function and use the variant of this method that takes a binary object for the data argument.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponse(200, "OK", "1.1", ("Connection":"Keep-Alive"));

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
body	if present (and does not have a length of zero), the body to be sent with the message (if present, the "Content-Length" header will be automatically set); string data will be automatically converted to the Socket's encoding if necessary
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: response-uri: The response URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-SENDHTTPRESPONSE-STATUS-ERROR	raised if the status_code (first argument) is < 100 or > 599
ENCODING-CONVERSION-ERROR	the given string could not be converted to the socket's character encoding
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

Since

Qore 0.9.4

sendHTTPResponse() [3/5]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponse	(	softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		*binary	body,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body as literal binary data.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP response message and sends it over the Socket (must already be connected). If any errors occur, an exception is raised.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponse(200, "OK", "1.1", {"Connection":"Keep-Alive"}, bin);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
body	if the binary object given does not have a length of zero, the body to be sent with the message (if present, the "Content-Length" header will be automatically set)
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-SENDHTTPRESPONSE-STATUS-ERROR	raised if the status_code (first argument) is < 100 or > 599
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

sendHTTPResponse() [4/5]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponse	(	softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		*binary	body,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body as literal binary data.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP response message and sends it over the Socket (must already be connected). If any errors occur, an exception is raised.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponse(200, "OK", "1.1", {"Connection":"Keep-Alive"}, bin);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs)
body	if the binary object given does not have a length of zero, the body to be sent with the message (if present, the "Content-Length" header will be automatically set)
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: response-uri: The response URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-SENDHTTPRESPONSE-STATUS-ERROR	raised if the status_code (first argument) is < 100 or > 599
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

Since

Qore 0.9.4

sendHTTPResponse() [5/5]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponse	(	softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		Qore::InputStream	input_stream,
		int	max_chunk_size = 4096,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1,
		*code	tcb
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers and a message body from an input stream in chunked transfer encoding.

If any errors are encountered, an exception is raised.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponse(200, "OK", "1.1", {"Connection": "Keep-Alive", "Transfer-Encoding": "chunked"}, inputStream);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs); note that the "Transfer-Encoding" header must be set to "chunked" manually with this call
input_stream	The input stream to read data from
max_chunk_size	the maximum chunk size as the read block size for the InputStream read block size; the actual size of the data read will determine the size of each HTTP chunk
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: response-uri: The response URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	The timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout or if a negative timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been read or the remote end closes the connection. If a timeout occurs, a "SOCKET-TIMEOUT" exception is raised. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)
tcb	An optional trailer callback for message trailers to write in the outgoing chunked message; the callback takes no arguments and must return either NOTHING or hash giving a hash of trailers for the final chunk

Note

the "Transfer-Encoding" header must be set to "chunked" manually in the headers argument as in the example

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed
HTTP-CHUNK-ERROR	the chunk size given is not greater than 0
HTTP-TRAILER-ERROR	the trailer callback must return either NOTHING or hash; this exception is thrown is another type is returned

Since

Qore 0.9.4

sendHTTPResponseWithCallback() [1/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponseWithCallback	(	code	scb,
		softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body to send with chunked transfer encoding provided by a callback.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP response message and sends it over the Socket (must already be connected). If any errors occur, an exception is raised.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponseWithCallback(send_callback, 200, "OK", "1.1", {"Connection": "Keep-Alive", "Transfer-Encoding": "chunked"});

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

scb	The callback giving the chunked HTTP data to send; this callback must return either a string or a binary value each time it is called to give the chunked data to send; when all data has been sent, then a hash of message trailers can be sent or simply NOTHING which will close the chunked message
status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs); note that the "Transfer-Encoding" header must be set to "chunked" manually with this call
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Note

the "Transfer-Encoding" header must be set to "chunked" manually in the headers argument as in the example

Exceptions

SOCKET-SENDHTTPRESPONSE-STATUS-ERROR	raised if the status_code (first argument) is < 100 or > 599
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

Since

Qore 0.8.10

sendHTTPResponseWithCallback() [2/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::sendHTTPResponseWithCallback	(	code	scb,
		softint	status_code,
		string	status_desc,
		string	http_version,
		hash< auto >	headers,
		*reference< hash< auto >>	info,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an HTTP response with user-defined headers given as a hash and a message body to send with chunked transfer encoding provided by a callback.

Creates a properly-formatted HTTP response message and sends it over the Socket (must already be connected). If any errors occur, an exception is raised.

Example:

sock.sendHTTPResponseWithCallback(send_callback, 200, "OK", "1.1", {"Connection": "Keep-Alive", "Transfer-Encoding": "chunked"});

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT, EVENT_HTTP_SEND_MESSAGE

Parameters

scb	The callback giving the chunked HTTP data to send; this callback must return either a string or a binary value each time it is called to give the chunked data to send; when all data has been sent, then a hash of message trailers can be sent or simply NOTHING which will close the chunked message
status_code	the HTTP status code to send (i.e. 200, 404, etc)
status_desc	the descriptive text for the status code.
http_version	the HTTP protocol version (normally "1.0" or "1.1", however this method allows any string to be sent)
headers	a hash of additional headers to send (key-value pairs); note that the "Transfer-Encoding" header must be set to "chunked" manually with this call
info	An optional reference to an lvalue that can accept a hash that will be used as an output variable with the following hash key: response-uri: The response URI as sent in the output message
timeout_ms	the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second); If no timeout is passed or is negative, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Note

the "Transfer-Encoding" header must be set to "chunked" manually in the headers argument as in the example

Exceptions

SOCKET-SENDHTTPRESPONSE-STATUS-ERROR	raised if the status_code (first argument) is < 100 or > 599
SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	the data requested was not received in the timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	send failed

Since

Qore 0.9.4

sendi1()

int Qore::Socket::sendi1	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends a 1-byte integer over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi1(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send; only the least-significant byte will be sent

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendi2()

int Qore::Socket::sendi2	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends a 2-byte (16-bit) integer in big-endian format (network byte order) over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi2(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send; only the least-significant 2 bytes will be sent

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendi2LSB()

int Qore::Socket::sendi2LSB	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends a 2-byte (16-bit) integer in little-endian format over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi2LSB(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send; only the least-significant 2 bytes will be sent

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendi4()

int Qore::Socket::sendi4	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends a 4-byte (32-bit) integer in big-endian format (network byte order) over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi4(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send; only the least-significant 4 bytes will be sent

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendi4LSB()

int Qore::Socket::sendi4LSB	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends a 4-byte (32-bit) integer in little-endian format over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi4LSB(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send; only the least-significant 4 bytes will be sent

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendi8()

int Qore::Socket::sendi8	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an 8-byte (64-bit) integer in big-endian format (network byte order) over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi8(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

sendi8LSB()

int Qore::Socket::sendi8LSB	(	softint	i = 0,
		timeout	timeout_ms = -1
	)

Sends an 8-byte (64-bit) integer in little-endian format over the socket.

If any errors occur, an exception is thrown

Example:

sock.sendi8LSB(val, 20s);

Events:

EVENT_PACKET_SENT

Parameters

i

the integer to send

timeout_ms

the timeout in milliseconds (1/1000 second). If no timeout is passed, then the call will not time out and will not return until all the data has been sent or the remote end closes the connection; the timeout value is the longest value that a single send() operation can take with non-blocking I/O. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

always returns 0 for backwards compatibility; if an error occurs, an exception is thrown

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	The socket is not connected
SOCKET-TIMEOUT	a single send() operation exceeded the given timeout period
SOCKET-SEND-ERROR	an error occurred sending the socket data
SOCKET-SSL-ERROR	there was an SSL error while writing data to the socket

Since

Qore 0.8.6 this method takes a timeout value and throws exceptions on error; this change was made because it was not possible to catch SSL errors with this method with the previous implementation

setCertificate() [1/3]

nothing Qore::Socket::setCertificate

(

SSLCertificate

cert

)

Sets the X.509 certificate to use for negotiating encrypted connections.

Example:

sock.setCertificate(cert);

Parameters

cert	This must be an SSLCertificate object

setCertificate() [2/3]

nothing Qore::Socket::setCertificate

(

string

cert_pem

)

Sets the X.509 certificate to use for negotiating encrypted connections from the PEM-encoded string representing the X.509 certificate.

Example:

sock.setCertificate(cert_string);

Parameters

cert_pem

the PEM-encoded string representing the X.509 certificate

setCertificate() [3/3]

nothing Qore::Socket::setCertificate

(

binary

cert_der

)

Sets the X.509 certificate to use for negotiating encrypted connections from the DER-encoded binary object representing the X.509 certificate.

Example:

sock.setCertificate(cert_der);

Parameters

cert_der

the DER-encoded binary object representing the X.509 certificate

setCharset()

nothing Qore::Socket::setCharset

(

string

encoding

)

Sets the character encoding for the socket.

A method synonym for Socket::setEncoding(), kept for backwards-compatibility

Parameters

encoding

The character encoding for the socket

setEncoding()

nothing Qore::Socket::setEncoding

(

string

encoding

)

Sets the character encoding for the socket.

Parameters

encoding

the character encoding for the socket

setEventQueue() [1/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::setEventQueue

(

)

Removes any Queue object from the Socket object so that socket events are no longer added to the Queue.

Example:

sock.setEventQueue();

See also

I/O Event Handling for more information

setEventQueue() [2/2]

nothing Qore::Socket::setEventQueue	(	Qore::Thread::Queue	queue,
		auto	arg,
		*bool	with_data
	)

Sets a Queue object to receive socket events.

Example:

sock.setEventQueue(queue);

Parameters

queue	the Queue object to receive socket events; note that the Queue passed cannot have any maximum size set or a QUEUE-ERROR will be thrown
arg	an argument that will be included in each event hash in the arg key
with_data	if True, then the actual raw data transferred / received is also included in the events

Exceptions

QUEUE-ERROR

the Queue passed has a maximum size set

See also

I/O Event Handling for more information

Since

Qore 0.9.4 added the arg and with_data options

setNoDelay()

int Qore::Socket::setNoDelay

(

bool

nd = True

)

Sets the boolean TCP_NODELAY setting for the socket.

When this setting is True, then data will be immediately sent out over the socket, when it is False, then data transmission may be delayed to be packaged with other data for the same target.

Delayed data transmissions may cause problems when the sender immediately closes the socket after sending data; in this case the receiver may not get the data even though the send succeeded.

Note that if no value is given to the method, the argument will be assumed to be True, and output buffering will be turned off for the socket.

Example:

if (sock.setNoDelay(True))
    printf("error setting TCP_NODELAY: %s\n", strerror(errno()));

Parameters

nd	the boolean TCP_NODELAY setting for the socket

Returns

0 for success, non-zero for errors; to get error information, see errno() and strerror()

See also

Socket::getNoDelay()

setPrivateKey() [1/3]

nothing Qore::Socket::setPrivateKey

(

SSLPrivateKey

key

)

Sets the private key to use for negotiating encrypted connections along with the X.509 certificate.

Example:

sock.setPrivateKey(key);

Parameters

key	the private key for the X.509 certificate to use when establishing TLS/SSL encrypted connections

setPrivateKey() [2/3]

nothing Qore::Socket::setPrivateKey	(	string	key_pem,
		*string	pass
	)

Sets the private key to use for negotiating encrypted connections along with the X.509 certificate from a PEM-encoded string representing the private key and an optional password.

Example:

sock.setPrivateKey(key_pem, password);

Parameters

key_pem	the PEM-encoded string representing the private key for the X.509 certificate to use when establishing TLS/SSL encrypted connections
pass	the password for the private key, if needed

setPrivateKey() [3/3]

nothing Qore::Socket::setPrivateKey

(

binary

key_der

)

Sets the private key to use for negotiating encrypted connections along with the X.509 certificate from a DER-encoded binary object representing the private key.

Example:

sock.setPrivateKey(key_der);

Parameters

key_der

the DER-encoded binary object representing the private key for the X.509 certificate to use when establishing TLS/SSL encrypted connections

setRecvTimeout()

int Qore::Socket::setRecvTimeout

(

timeout

timeout_ms

)

sets the receive timeout as a socket option

Returns 0 for success, -1 for error (check errno() for the actual error in this case)

Example:

if (sock.setRecvTimeout(20s))
    printf("error setting timeout on socket: %s\n", strerror(errno()));

Parameters

timeout_ms

the receive timeout to set with a resolution of milliseconds; Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Returns

0 for success, -1 for error (check errno() for the actual error in this case)

setSendTimeout()

int Qore::Socket::setSendTimeout

(

timeout

timeout_ms

)

sets the send timeout as a socket option

Returns 0 for success, -1 for error (check errno() for the actual error in this case)

Example:

if (sock.setSendTimeout(20s))
    printf("error setting timeout on socket: %s\n", strerror(errno()));

Parameters

timeout_ms

the send timeout to set with a resolution of milliseconds

Returns

0 for success, -1 for error (check errno() for the actual error in this case)

setSslVerifyMode()

Qore::Socket::setSslVerifyMode

(

int

mode

)

sets the SSL verification mode

Example:

sock.setSslVerifyMode(SSL_VERIFY_PEER|SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT);

If there is no SSL connection in place, then the mode is saved and will be used automatically for future SSL sessions automatically.

Parameters

mode	the SSL verfication mode, see SSL Verification Mode Constants for more information

See also

• Socket::getAcceptAllCertificates()
• Socket::getSslVerifyMode()
• Socket::acceptAllCertificates()

Since

Qore 0.8.13

setWarningQueue()

nothing Qore::Socket::setWarningQueue	(	int	warning_ms,
		int	warning_bs,
		Queue	queue,
		auto	arg,
		timeout	min_ms = 1s
	)

Sets a Queue object to receive socket warnings.

Example:

sock.setWarningQueue(5000, 5000, queue, "socket-1");

Parameters

warning_ms	the threshold in milliseconds for individual socket actions (send, receive, connect), if exceeded, a socket warning is placed on the warning queue with the following keys: "type": a string with the constant value "SOCKET-OPERATION-WARNING" "operation": a string giving the operation that caused the warning (ex: "connect") "us": an integer giving the number of microseconds for the operation "timeout": an integer giving the warning threshold in microseconds "arg": if any "arg" argument is passed to the Socket::setWarningQueue() method, it will be included in the warning hash here
warning_bs	value in bytes per second; if any call has performance below this threshold, a socket warning is placed on the warning queue with the following keys: "type": a string with the constant value "SOCKET-THROUGHPUT-WARNING" "dir": either "send" or "recv" depending on the direction of the data flow "bytes": the amount of bytes sent "us": an integer giving the number of microseconds for the operation "bytes_sec": a float giving the transfer speed in bytes per second "threshold": an integer giving the warning threshold in bytes per second "arg": if any "arg" argument is passed to the Socket::setWarningQueue() method, it will be included in the warning hash here
queue	the Queue object to receive warning events
arg	an optional argument to be placed in the "arg" key in each warning hash (could be used to identify the socket for example)
min_ms	the minimum transfer time with a resolution of milliseconds for a transfer to be eligible for triggering a warning; transfers that take less than this period of time are not eligible for raising a warning

Exceptions

QUEUE-ERROR	the Queue passed has a maximum size set
SOCKET-SETWARNINGQUEUE-ERROR	at least one of warning_ms and warning_bs must be > 0

See also

Socket::clearWarningQueue()

Since

• Qore 0.8.9
• Qore 0.8.12 the minimum threshold for a warning is a transfer of at least 1024 bytes, smaller transfers will not result in a warning

shutdown()

int Qore::Socket::shutdown

(

)

Ensures that a socket will be closed even if the file descriptor is shared with other processes (for example, after a call to fork())

Does not throw any exceptions; returns an error code in case of an error

Example:

if (sock.shutdown())
    stderr.printf("Error calling Socket::shutdown(): %s\n", strerror(errno()));

Returns

0 for success, -1 for error; in this case check errno() for the error number

shutdownSSL()

nothing Qore::Socket::shutdownSSL

(

)

Shuts down the SSL connection on a secure connection.

If any errors occur, an exception is raised

Example:

sock.shutdownSSL();

Exceptions

SOCKET-SSL-ERROR

an error occurred shutting down the TLS/SSL connection

upgradeClientToSSL()

nothing Qore::Socket::upgradeClientToSSL

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Upgrades a client socket connection to a TLS/SSL connection.

Example:

sock.upgradeClientToSSL();

Parameters

timeout_ms

If a positive timeout value is passed and the SSL upgrade takes longer to establish than the timeout, an "SSL-TIMEOUT-ERROR" exception is thrown. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket must be open before making this call
SSL-TIMEOUT-ERROR	timeout error negotiating SSL connection

Note

if an SSL connection has already been established, this method call returns immediately without taking any further action

Since

Qore 0.8.12 the timeout_ms parameter was added

upgradeServerToSSL()

nothing Qore::Socket::upgradeServerToSSL

(

timeout

timeout_ms = -1

)

Upgrades a server socket connection to a TLS/SSL connection.

Example:

sock.upgradeServerToSSL();

Parameters

timeout_ms

If a positive timeout value is passed and the SSL upgrade takes longer to establish than the timeout, an "SSL-TIMEOUT-ERROR" exception is thrown. Note that like all Qore functions and methods taking timeout values, a relative date/time value can be used to make the units clear (i.e. 2m = two minutes, etc.)

Exceptions

SOCKET-NOT-OPEN	the socket must be open before making this call
SSL-TIMEOUT-ERROR	timeout error negotiating SSL connection

Note

if an SSL connection has already been established, this method call returns immediately without taking any further action

Since

Qore 0.8.12 the timeout_ms parameter was added

verifyPeerCertificate()

*string Qore::Socket::verifyPeerCertificate

(

)

Returns a string code giving the result of verifying the remote certificate or NOTHING if an encrypted connection is not currently established.

Code Flags:

CONSTANT

Example:

*string str = sock.verifyPeerCertificate();

Returns

A string code giving the result of verifying the peer's certificate. No value is returned if a secure connection has not been established. The set of possible return values is made up of the keys of the X509_VerificationReasons hash. This hash can also be used to generate a textual description of the verification result.